Trastornos del sueño en conductores profesionales cubanos: Un estudio piloto

Autores/as

Palabras clave:

choferes profesionales, polisomnografía, cuestionario STOP-Bang, Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth, índice de severidad de insomnio, apnea obstructiva del sueño, salud laboral

Resumen

Introducción: Los seres humanos dedican aproximadamente un tercio de su vida al sueño. La magnitud de los trastornos del sueño ha llevado a su reconocimiento como un problema de salud pública.

Objetivo: Caracterizar los trastornos del sueño presentes en choferes profesionales cubanos a partir de encuestas clínicas y estudio de polisomnografía.

Métodos:Eestudio transversal de diez choferes profesionales, entre abril-2021 y agosto-2023, a partir de un protocolo clínico-electrofisiológico, donde destaca la polisomnografía.

Resultados: Choferes de sexo masculino, en mayoría entre la quinta y sexta década de la vida, con hipertensión arterial (Hipertensión arterial, 60 %) como el antecedente patológico personal más frecuente. El cuestionario STOP-Bang evidencia alto riesgo de apnea obstructiva de sueño  en el 70 %, que correlaciona con el índice de masa corporal). Mientras que la Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth y el Índice de Severidad del Insomnio revelan riesgo de insomnio y somnolencia diurna excesiva en menor grado. La polisomnografía confirma la apnea obstructiva de sueño en el 60 % de los choferes, donde al menos uno o más de los parámetros de la polisomnografía están fuera del rango de normalidad en la totalidad de los choferes, con arquitectura del sueño alterada.

Conclusiones: La composición de una muestra, en su totalidad de sexo masculino, con Hipertensión arterial y sobrepeso, junto al comportamiento de la edad, podría explicar la presencia apnea obstructiva de sueño, detectada por con el cuestionario de STOP-Bang y confirmada con la polisomnografía, lo que representa un serio problema de salud ocupacional y seguridad vial.

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Citas

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Publicado

2026-02-22

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1.
Calzada Reyes A, Charroó Ruiz LE, Antelo Cordovés JM, Zaragoza Gutiérrez E, Puentes Corrales O, Valero Sánchez A, et al. Trastornos del sueño en conductores profesionales cubanos: Un estudio piloto. rev cuban salud trabajo [Internet]. 22 de febrero de 2026 [citado 26 de febrero de 2026];27. Disponible en: https://revsaludtrabajo.sld.cu/index.php/revsyt/article/view/1025

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