Health and physical and mental capacities in workers in jubilation ages

Abstract

A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out to analyze the work capacity and the life quality related to the workers' health, women and men, starting from the 55 years of age that are occupationally active, entered in the room of professional illnesses of the National Institute for Workers' Health of Havana for preventive medical exams, from July of the 2014 until July of the 2015, with the objective of evaluating the health and the physical and mental capacities in workers in jubilation ages, to those that were applied the instruments of index of work capacity (IWC) and life quality related to the health (LQRH); the questionnaire SF-36 was applied, with the components of physical conditions and the mental ones to identify possible relationships between the IWC and LQRH with the changes in the physical activities, and also the mental component of this last one in the studied workers, where the conditions of health and the physical and mental capacities of these workers could be known to face the increment of its age occupationally active. An Anova multivariated analysis was realized to compare independent variables and to identify if significant differences exist among them. The results show that they were majority the masculine sex (70.73%) and the group of ages of 55 to 59 years with 57.31%, continued by that of 60-65 (25.6%) and of bigger than 65 years with 17.97%. The workers studied 82.9% in the SF-36 and 67.7% in the IWC they were satisfactory in the results of both instruments for groups of ages, in those bigger than 60 years 28 of 35 that represent 80.0% in the SF-36 and 20 of 35 for 57.14% in the IWC and although in number it was inferior (14) those bigger than 65 years, 11 (78.6%) of them they were positive in the SF-36 and 8 (57.1%) in the IWC, for what is evidenced that these workers in jubilation ages, have good physical conditions and that both instruments were of utility in the evaluation. The mental health evaluated by the SF-36, was satisfactory in 86.6% of the total, being of smaller to bigger, those of more than 65 years (92.8%), followed by 55 to 50 years (87.2%) and those of 60 at 65 (80.9%), what confirms that from the psychic point of view, they are prepared to assume the new jubilation age. It was concluded that the physical and mental conditions in the groups of ages starting from the 60 years are in a satisfactory way evaluated with both instruments